AOSSM/AAOS Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Review Course-Knee: Ligament

Video Transcription

Video Summary

In this video, the speaker discusses the anatomy and biomechanics of the knee, focusing on the knee ligaments. The speaker explains that the knee is a diarthrodial joint with multiple coupled motions and a mechanical model of a four-bar cross linkage. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is described as having two bundles, the anterior medial and posterolateral bundles, which provide control over anteroposterior motion and rotational control, respectively. The speaker mentions that the ACL is stronger than the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), which is stronger than the medial collateral ligament (MCL), which is stronger than the lateral collateral ligament (LCL). The speaker also discusses the blood supply and innervation of the ACL and mentions its length, width, and tensile strength.<br /><br />The video then moves on to discuss the MCL, LCL, and PCL. The MCL is described as the primary restraint to valgus motion and is usually injured from a blow to the lateral knee with the foot planted. The LCL can avulse from the fibular head, while the PCL can avulse from the femoral groove. The speaker explains that the PCL is responsible for preventing posterior tibial translation and is commonly injured in high-velocity or low-velocity mechanisms.<br /><br />The speaker also discusses the treatment options for ligament injuries, including non-operative management for isolated injuries or injuries without instability, and surgical management for combined injuries or chronic instability. The speaker highlights the importance of assessing vascular and neurologic status and suggests obtaining an MRI for further evaluation. The speaker concludes by mentioning some key concepts and tips for the examination, such as the importance of vascular status, the relevance of avulsion fractures and cyclops lesions, and the need to focus on well-established knowledge rather than controversial or new concepts.

Asset Caption

Christopher C. Kaeding, MD

Meta Tag

Author Christopher C. Kaeding, MD

Date August 10, 2019

Title Knee: Ligament

Keywords

knee anatomy

knee biomechanics

knee ligaments

anterior cruciate ligament

posterior cruciate ligament

medial collateral ligament

lateral collateral ligament

ligament injuries

treatment options